Create an automatically updated month column in Google Sheets
You can use =today()-30 to set a cell's value to the last calendar month. To create a column with a rolling 12 month you can iterate the cells in a column by 30.
=today()-30=today()-60=today()-90=today()-120
31 day months and February will create some hiccups, but unless you need this column for every day use it will be fine.